Prepositions - Advanced Level (C1-C2)

Master advanced English prepositions with 20 interactive exercises.

A Deeper Understanding of Prepositions

A deeper understanding of prepositions encompasses not just their basic definitions but also an exploration of how they function to connect ideas in a sentence. This means analyzing their roles in indicating relationships of time, place, direction, and more, and understanding subtle differences in usage that can change the meaning of a sentence. By delving into these nuances, learners can improve their writing and communication skills, crafting more precise and engaging language.

At the advanced level, mastering prepositions involves understanding idiomatic expressions, recognizing collocations, and applying prepositions accurately in complex grammatical structures. This knowledge is essential for achieving fluency and sophistication in both written and spoken English.

Advanced Prepositional Structures

Prepositions can serve a variety of complex functions in a sentence. Here are some of the key advanced structures:

  • Verb-Preposition Pairs (Prepositional Verbs): Verbs that require specific prepositions to convey their intended meaning. The preposition is essential to the verb's meaning. Examples: rely on, participate in, insist on, account for, apologize for, care for, depend on, object to, wait for.
  • Phrasal Prepositions: Multi-word expressions that function as a single preposition, often adding nuance or formality. Examples: in spite of, out of spite, in accordance with, by means of, on behalf of, with regard to, in lieu of, by virtue of.
  • Compound Prepositions: Prepositions made up of two or more words acting as a single unit to express complex relationships. Examples: because of, due to, except for, instead of, apart from, aside from, according to, as for.
  • Complex Prepositional Phrases: Extended phrases where the preposition combines with modifiers and objects to create sophisticated expressions. Examples: in the wake of, in front of, on top of, at the behest of, in the midst of, for the sake of, at the expense of, on the verge of.
  • Adjective-Preposition Collocations: Fixed combinations of adjectives with specific prepositions. Examples: fond of, keen on, aware of, capable of, responsible for, satisfied with, familiar with, interested in.
  • Noun-Preposition Collocations: Fixed combinations of nouns with specific prepositions. Examples: effect on, impact on, influence on, access to, approach to, reaction to, solution to, answer to.

Prepositional Functions and Nuances

Let's explore the advanced functions and subtle distinctions in prepositional usage:

Verb-Preposition Pairs

  • rely on: To depend on or trust someone/something (cannot use *rely for/at).
  • participate in: To take part in an activity (not *participate at/on).
  • insist on: To demand firmly or refuse to change one's opinion about something.
  • account for: To explain or provide a reason for something.
  • apologize for: To express regret for an action or mistake.
  • object to: To express disagreement or opposition to something.
  • wait for: To remain in a place until someone/something arrives.

Phrasal Prepositions

  • in spite of: Despite; used to introduce a contrast (more formal than "despite").
  • out of spite: Motivated by malice or desire to hurt someone.
  • in accordance with: In agreement with; following a rule or standard.
  • by means of: Through the use of; by using a particular method.
  • on behalf of: As a representative of; in the interests of someone.
  • with regard to: Concerning; about (formal usage).
  • in lieu of: Instead of; as a substitute for.
  • by virtue of: Because of; as a result of a particular quality or position.

Compound Prepositions

  • because of: For the reason that; introduces cause.
  • due to: Caused by; attributable to (often follows "be").
  • except for: Apart from; with the exception of.
  • instead of: As an alternative to; in place of.
  • apart from: In addition to; except for (can have both meanings depending on context).
  • according to: As stated by; in agreement with.

Complex Prepositional Phrases

  • in the wake of: Following as a consequence; in the aftermath of.
  • at the behest of: At the request or command of someone.
  • in the midst of: In the middle of; during.
  • for the sake of: For the purpose of; in order to achieve.
  • at the expense of: At the cost or sacrifice of something else.
  • on the verge of: Very close to; about to.

Important Distinctions

  • "on time" vs "in time": "On time" means punctual/at the scheduled time; "in time" means with time to spare/before it's too late.
  • "at the end" vs "in the end": "At the end" refers to a physical location or specific point; "in the end" means finally or ultimately.
  • "made of" vs "made from": "Made of" shows material that hasn't changed form; "made from" shows material that has been transformed.
  • "bored with" vs "bored of": "Bored with" is standard; "bored of" is informal British English.

Advanced Prepositional Usage in Context

Examine how sophisticated prepositional structures function in complex sentences:

Prepositional StructureTypeExample in Context
rely onVerb-PrepositionThe success of the project relies on the collaboration of all departments.
in spite ofPhrasal PrepositionIn spite of the economic downturn, the company managed to increase its profits.
by virtue ofPhrasal PrepositionShe was granted access by virtue of her position as director.
in the wake ofComplex PhraseIn the wake of the scandal, the CEO resigned from his position.
at the behest ofComplex PhraseThe investigation was launched at the behest of shareholders.
capable ofAdjective-PrepositionThe new technology is capable of processing vast amounts of data.
solution toNoun-PrepositionResearchers are seeking a solution to the climate crisis.
account forVerb-PrepositionThese expenses account for nearly half of the annual budget.
with regard toPhrasal PrepositionWith regard to your inquiry, we will respond within five business days.
on the verge ofComplex PhraseThe company was on the verge of bankruptcy before the merger.

Advanced Prepositions Practice

Choose the correct preposition or prepositional phrase to complete each sentence.

Progress: 0/20
Score: 0/20

Question 1

The research findings were presented academic standards.

Question 2

The committee insisted implementing the new policy immediately.

Question 3
The ambassador spoke the government the new treaty.

Question 4

The project's success depends securing adequate funding.

Question 5

the financial crisis, many regulations were reformed.

Question 6

She is highly capable managing complex projects under pressure.

Question 7

The meeting was postponed unforeseen circumstances.

Question 8

The decision was made the board of directors.

Question 9
The delegates participated the conference and objected several proposals.

Question 10

The company succeeded its innovative approach to marketing.

Question 11

The scientist must account any discrepancies in the data.

Question 12

the criticism, she remained committed to her vision.

Question 13

The policy was implemented a comprehensive training program.

Question 14

We had everyone present the chairman, who was traveling abroad.

Question 15
She apologized the delay and waited their response.

Question 16

The team was a major breakthrough when funding was cut.

Question 17

The researchers are seeking a solution the environmental crisis.

Question 18

The expansion was pursued employee satisfaction.

Question 19
She is responsible the budget and aware all financial constraints.

Question 20

maintaining neutrality, the mediator refrained from expressing personal opinions.